Saw-set.



W. G. MORRILL.

SAW SET.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 31, 1912.

Patented Aug. 11, 1914.

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WITNESSES: m mv 70/? Will Mam $.Momri l1 TTOHNEYS v THE NORRIS PETERS CO, PHOTO this invention.

UNITED STATES PATENT GFFTCE.

WILLIAM C. MORRILL, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

SAW-SET.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 11, rare.

Application filed May 31, 1912. Serial No. 700,749.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, WILLIAM G. MORRILL, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of New York, borough of Manhattan, county and State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful SawSet, of which the following is a specification.

This invention is a saw set, and the ob ject of the invention is to produce a device which has an extended capacity of operation, 2'. 6. may be employedon hand saws of practically all types for cutting all kinds of wood, and, moreover, can be effectually used by any one. Further, the operative parts of the device are so constructed as to permit of setting teeth of all sizes with absolute accuracy.

Among the salient structural features of the invention may be mentioned the improved anvil which is capable of both reciprocating and rotary movements, and an angle-gage member, preferably pivoted, whereby the operative parts of the device may be properly positioned to adapt them for operation on saws of different types as regards dept-h and the number of points per inch, etc.

Other features of the invent-ion, as well as the functions and advantages thereof, will appear from the following detailed description.

In the accompanying drawings, I have illustrated one practical embodiment of the invention, but the construction shown therein is to be understood as illustrative only, and not as defining the limits of the invention. Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section through a saw set embodying Fig. 2 is an elevation looking at the left hand end of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical enlarged section through the operative parts of the tool illustrating a saw blade in position, and with the plunger pressed forwardly to bend or set a tooth with a head B and a handle O. The frame,

head, and handle are preferably in one piece, the head being separated from the frame by an intervening space a, and said frame being provided with a chamber Z) which terminates in a front wall 0, the bottom part of the frame being closed by a wall (Z. In front wall 0 is an aperture 6 forming a guide for plunger D, said plunger being substantially angular in cross section for a part of its length, as shown more particularly in Fig. 8. The plunger is slidable within the chamber 6 and guide aperture 6, the rear end of the plunger contacting with a cam lug e which forms an integral part of a lever E, the latter being pivoted to frame A by a pin 6 The plunger is pressed in a directionaway from an anvil block by a spring D housed within chamber 5 so as to be concealed from view, and protected from an accumulation of dirt, one end of said sprin being seated against the front wall 0, w ereas the opposite end of the spring acts on a collar d provided on the plunger.

Head B is provided with a vertical slot f and with a flat rear face f, the latter constituting a bearing for anvil F. Said anvil is represented in Fig. 6 as a circular block or disk, one face of which is seated firmly upon the bearing f of the head. The anvil occupies a part of the space a of the frame between front walls (2 and head B, and this anvil is rotatably mounted on the head by an anvil-carrying spindle G, the latter being movable slidably in slot f of the head, whereby the anvil is supported for rotation on a horizontal axis and for reciprocating movement in a vertical direction. The spindle G is provided at its rear with a head 9 and a shoulder 9 adapted to fit in apertures h h of different sizes provided in the anvil block. The anvil block turns freely on the shoulder g and head 9 of the spindle so that the anvil block is rotatable on the spindle, the head 9 of the spindle being flush with the rear surface of the anvil. Spindle G, for apart of its length, is angular in cross section, as at 27, said part i being preferablysquare, as shown in Fig. 7. The square part of the spindle projects into slot f of head B so that the respective side faces of the spindle contact with the parallel side walls of the slot, as shown in Fig. 2, whereby the spindle is precluded from rotating within the slot f, although the spindle is movable slidably within the slot when a screw H is operated. The square part of the spindle is provided with a vertical internally threaded aperture, through whlch aperture passes screw H, so:

that the threads of the screw engage with the threads of the aperture, thus operatively connecting the operating screw and the anvil-carrymg splndle. The screw passes loosely through openings it provided in the said lower end of the spindle being upset or riveted at h against the washer. The screw is thus rotatably mounted in head .13 of the implement so that it may be turned freely therein by hand, but the screw cannot become detached accidentally from the head. The operation of said screw impart-s move ment to anvil-carrying spindle G, for the purpose of raising or lowering the spindle within slot 7, and for changing the position of anvil F relative to the operative end of plunger D,

Anvil block F is provided in one side with a recess 7', circular in form, as shown in Fig. 7, and within this recess is positioned a retaining member I, said retaining member. being in the form of an elastic ring having a tendency normally to expand. Said elastic ring is provided with a square aperture 2' and is split or divided radially at r. The angular part i of spindle G passes through the aperture 2' of the expansible ring so as to connect the ring to the spindle in a way to preclude rotation'of said ring on the spindle. Prior to fitting the ring within recess 7' in one face of the anvil block, said spring is compressed slightly in order that the ring may be introduced into the recess, but after such introduction, the spring expands, whereby the circumferential edge of the ring engages frictionally with the inner circum-' ferential edge of the recess j. The expansible. ring thus has sutiicient frictional contact with the anvil block to retain the latter in a nonrotative position normally on the shouldered and headed parts of the spindle, but

' said anvil block may be rotated or turned by seat 1, the anvil block is formed with aplurality of inclined faces, preferably four in number, 70, is, 70 70 These inclined faces are at different angles to the perpendicular face Z, as for example the face 70 is at an angle of five degrees, face 70' is at an angle of ten degrees, and faces 70 72 are at angles of fifteen and twenty degrees, respectlvely,

although the particular angles specified are not material, and may be changed as desired. The inclined faces provide seats for a saw blade indicated at X, and the anvil block is rotatable on spindle G so as to bring either one of its inclined faces opposite to, and substantially in alinement with, the working as a general proposition, it may be stated that a tooth of a hand-sawshould be set off about half of its length and at'an angle according to the work for which it is going to be employed; hard dry wood requires little set, hard wood a little more, dry soft wood still more, and green or wet wood still more.

.It should be borne in mind that in saws with coarse teeth, say four points to the inch, each tooth is much longer than the teeth in saws having twelve, fourteen or sixteen points to the inch, and as they are used for different grades of work, some provision must be made so that the correct amount and angle of set can be obtained. Y

,he new implement embodying the rotatablc and reciprocable anvil is'believed to successfully fulfil all the practical requirements, for the reason that saida-nv'il is rotatable to bring either of its inclined faces into position for determining the angle of the set according to the kind of woodto be sawed, and for the further reason that said anvil is movable in a direction across theoperative end of the plunger so as to accommodate teeth which vary in length. It should be remarked that the anvil is provided on its periphery with graduations to denote the angles ofset, and fu-rthermore, the head B is provided onitsfront vertical face with graduations at b representing the proper amount of set for hand saws having from four to sixteen saw points to the inch,

with either of which may register an indicating mark b on the anvil-carrying spindle to denote the extent of adjustment of the spindle and the anvil across the end face of I V the plunger.

- When it is desired to set a saw having four and representing four saw points, to denote that the anvil has been properly adjusted relative to the end of the plunger. The implement is now placed over saw X so that the saw blade will rest in an inclined position against face is of the anvil block, the tooth of the saw blade extending partly across the perpendicular face Z, said tooth being inclined to said perpendicular face at an angle corresponding to the inclination of seat is of the anvil block. Lever E is now operated to impel the plunger D toward the anvil block, the effect of which is to press the individual tooth against the perpendicular face Z, said tooth being thus set for about half its length, and the angle of set corre sponding to the angle of inclination of the seat face is. The implement is now shifted to the next alternate tooth, and the operations are repeated, thus setting the alternate teeth at the proper inclination, after which the instrument or saw blade is reversed so as to set the intermediate teeth in a correspond ing manner, but in an opposite direction, whereby all the teeth of the blade are properly set to insure the easy operation of the saw.

For setting fine teeth of a saw, the anvil block is rotated to secure the desired angle of set, 2'. e. as a general proposition, to posi tion the face 70 of greatest inclination opposite to the plunger, and screw H is operated for the purpose of shifting the anvil block into the proper position indicated by the corresponding graduation on the scale 6 The saw is introduced to rest in contact with the face 70 and the plunger is operated to press the tooth against the perpendicular face Z, said tooth being set for one half its length, this setting of half the length of the tooth being due to the movement of the anvil block by the operation of the screw, and the inclination of the tooth being deter mined by the angle of inclination of the seat face 70 to the operative end of the plunger. It is evident that the anvil block may be rotated to bring either of its other faces into an operative position with reference to the plunger, and that the screw may be operated to shift the anvil block to different operative positions according to the length of the teeth to be set.

As the average set of a 12 point saw is about 1/100 of an inch and the depth of set about 1/32 of an inch, and the average set of a 4L point saw is 1/64 of an inch and the depth of set of an inch, it is manifest that the angle of set for the 12 oint saw is about twice that of the 4 point saw. Accordingly, the greater the number of saw points to the inch, the greater will be the angle of set, and

hence the greater angle of inclination on the anvil face will be used in setting the points.

It is to be understood that the reciprocat-. ing adjustment of the anvil provides for setting teeth which vary in length, it being important that each individual tooth be set or inclined for one half the length thereof, whereby the implement may be used without the liability of breaking any tooth irrespective of its size.

Another salient feature of the invention is the angle gage which embodies two parts, to wit, block K and screw L, said parts being pivotally connected whereby the block is made self-adjusting in order to conform to the different angular positions assumed by saw blade X when'occupying one or the other of the inclined saw blade seats of the anvil. In the ordinary saw set, it is customary to employ a gage screw, one end of which is adapted for contact with the saw, but in such prior implements the gage screw has a single point or line of contact with the saw. I overcome the objections to the limited saw contact of the gage screw inherent in prior implements by the employment of -a block, plate, or disk having a surface adapted to securea relatlvely broad contact with the saw blade, whereby the gage block or plate is better adapted for taking up the back thrust of the saw blade when the latter is subjected. to the pressure of the plunger in the operation of setting the teeth. The element K is shown as a substantially rectangular plate in Figs. 1, 2, 3, a and 5 of the drawings, but the particular form of this gage member is not material, for the reason that it may be a disk. The gage member is provided on its rear with lugs at between which is fitted the forward part of non-rotatable screw L, and through the lugs and the screw passes a pivotal pin m, the latter operating to pivotally connect gage member K with gage member or screw L. The screw L slides in a socket 0 provided in the solid bottom part (Z of the frame, said part (Z being provided, also, with a vertical slot 0, the latter crossing or intersecting with the socket 0. Sliding movement is imparted to the non-rotatable screw by the rotation of a nut L which fits loosely in slot 0 of the frame. The rotation of the nut in one direction advances the screw and gage member K, but a reverse rotation of the nut retracts the screw and withdraws the gage member from operative relation to the anvil block. After the anvil block shall have been adjusted to the required position, thesaw blade is introduced until its teeth contact with a surface P provided on the head between the solid wall 0 and the anvil, said surface P forming a gage which limits the introduction of the saw blade into slot at of the implement. The nut is now rotated to advance the screw and position the angle gage member K into contact with the sawvblade. the pivotal connection at between the gage members K, L permitting said angle gage member K to adjust or accommodate itself to the angular position of the saw blade as it rests upon one inclined seat face or the other of the anvil block. The upper edge of the angle gage member K is in the path of plunger-D, but to permit the plunger to act against the teeth, said upper edge of gage member K is provided with a notch 9 indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 3, and in full lines inFig. 4, through which notch is adapted to play the 10 the saw tooth.

operative end of the plunger when setting I In the embodiment of the invention herein shown, the gage member K isprovided with a notch through which works the operative end of the plunger, said member K thus having slidable relation to said plunger whereby the gage member and the screw to which said gage member is pivoted are retained against rotative movement; It is thus apparent that the screw is non-rotative, although it is free to move endwise or to slide under the action of the nut L, the rotation of-which nut in one direction operates to impart sliding movement to the screw and the gage membertoward the inclined surface of the anvil block, but, obviously, the rotation of the nut in the opposite direction will operate to give sliding movement to the screw and the angle gage in a direction away from the anvil block. Said gage member is pivotally attached to the non-rotatable screw by a pin m extending at a right angle to the longitudinal axis of the screw, and thus the gage member is pivoted for movement on an axis parallel to the face 1 which forms the tooth seat of the anvil block, whereby the gage member is free to turn on said pivot in order that it may assume a parallel relation tothose inclined faces of the anvil block which constitute the saw blade seats of said block. This capacity of the gage member to assume a parallel relation to the saw blade.

seats of the anvil block, regardless of the particular angle of inclination of said seats,

is animportant feature in my saw set for the reason that the gage member is enabled to have a surface contact with the saw blade no matter what the inclination of said blade may be within certain limits; in other words, the surface of the gage member presented to the saw blade may be brought into contact with the surface of said blade throughout the area of said gage member opposed to the saw blade, such surface contact of the gage member with the saw blade being distinguished from the so called point contact of prior forms of saw sets or the line contact secured by the swiveled block on the screw disclosed in prior Patent 468,816.

The saw set of my invention operates to set the saw tooth at a sharply defined angle and not in a curve, as in some prior devices; it precludes buckling of the blade, rounded angles of set and slipping off the teeth, and avoids the liability of breaking the teeth.

tact with the edge P so as to limit the introduction of the saw into the slot a; second, one face of the saw blade is in contact with one of the series of inclined seats provided on the operative face of the anvil block, and third, theother face of the saw blade is in contac-t withthe pivoted angle gage member K; The implement is thus adapted to engage firmly with the saw blade so as to prevent any relative movementof the blade in the implement prior to, or during the operation of, exertingpressureupon the saw tooth by the employment of the plunger in the operation of setting said tooth, and the described means for firmlyretaining the implement in position upon the saw blade aids quite materially in the operation of setting the individual tooth at the required angle. y 7

The operation and advantages of the invention will be readily apparent fromthe foregoing description taken in connection with the drawings.

It is desired to statethat minor changes in the details of construction, form, size and proportion of parts may be made within the scope of v the appended claims by a skilled constructor without departing I from the spirit of the invention. I

Having thus fully described the invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: i

1. In a saw set, the combination'of a rotatable anvil provided with a saw-tooth seat and with a plurality of saw-blade seats inclined at variable angles to said saw-tooth seat, a positioning screw, a plunger in operative relation to the saw-tooth seat of said anvil, and an angle gage member pivoted to said screw, said member being free to adj ust itself on the pivot so as to bring an exposed face thereof into parallel relation to either of the inclined saw-blade seats of the anvil.

In a saw set, the combination of an anvil provided with a plurality of saw-blade seats which are at differentangles to a sawtooth seat thereon, a plunger, said anvil being rotatable to bring either of its saw-blade seats into position for use, and an angle gage member pivoted adjacent to that face of the anvil having the sawblade seats, said angle gage member having a fiat face adapted, by themovement of the member on the pivot, to be brought into parallel relation toeither of said saw-blade seats.

3. In a saw set, the combination of an anvil provided with a seat against which a saw tooth is adapted to be forced, said anvil having, also a plurality of saw blade seats which are inclined at different angles to the plane ofthe first named seat, means for rotatably mounting the anvil, a plunger cooperating with said anvil, and means for reciprocating said anvil.

4:. In a saw set, the combination with a plunger, of a rotatable anvil, said anvil being provided with a seat against which a saw tooth may be forced by the operation of the plunger and provided, also, with a plurality of inclined seats, the angles of which vary with relation to the first named seat, means for rotatably supporting the anvil whereby either of said inclined seats may be brought into operative positions relative to the plunger, and means for imparting reciprocating movement to the anvil in a direction across the face of the plunger.

5. In a saw set, the combination of a frame, a plunger, an anvil-carrying spindle supported in said frame for movement relative to the plunger, an anvil rotatably mounted on said spindle, a split spring member having fractional contact with the anvil, and means for moving the spindle and the anvil to different operative positions relative to the plunger.

6. In a saw set, the combination of a plunger, and a rotary and reciprocating anvil cooperating therewith, said anvil being provided with a seat against which a saw tooth is adapted to be pressed by the plunger, and provided, also, with a plurality of saw blade seats inclined at different angles to the plane of the saw tooth seat.

7. In a saw set, the combination with a frame, a plunger, and an anvil, of a non-rotatable member slidable in said frame, means for imparting slidable movement to said member, and a gage-member pivoted to said non-rotatable member and free to turn on an axis substantially parallel to a face of said anvil.

8. In a saw set, the combination with a frame, a plunger, and an anvil, of a non-rotatable screw supported on said frame, a rotatable nut engaging said screw and operable by its rotative movement to impart sliding movement to said screw, and a gage member carried by said screw and movable therewith relative to the face of said anvil.

9. In a saw set, the combination with a frame, a plunger, and an anvil, of a nonrotatable member slidable in said frame with respect to said anvil, means for imparting slidable movement to said member, and a gage member connected with said non-rotatable member to partake of the slidable movement thereof, said gage member being free to assume a plurality of positions at different angles to the longitudinal axis of the non-rotatable member and to the faces of the anvil.

10. In a saw set, the combination with a frame, and a plunger, of an anvil provided with a plurality of seats the angles of inclinationof which vary, and a gage member supported for movement on an axis to position the surface of said gage member in parallel relation to the plane of either of said seats on the anvil, whereby the gage member is adapted to have surface contact with a saw blade.

11. In a saw set, the combination with a frame, and a plunger, of an anvil provided with a plurality of seats the angles of inclination of which vary, a gage member in opposing relation to that part of the anvil provided with said variously inclined seats, said gage member being pivoted for movement on an axis to position the surface of the gage member in parallel relation to either of said seats on the anvil, and means for imparting movement to said gage member in a direction to vary the distance between the gage member and the anvil.

12. In a saw set, the combination with a frame, and a plunger, of an anvil provided with a surface forming a saw tooth seat and with other surfaces inclined at difierent angles of inclination to the aforesaid surface so as to form a plurality of saw blade seats, and a gage member pivoted for movement on an axis to position the surface of said member into parallel relation to either of the inclined surfaces forming the saw blade seats.

13. In a saw set, the combination with a frame, a plunger, and a member cooperating with said plunger for setting a saw tooth at a desired angle and depth of set, said member being provided with a surface against which a saw blade is seated, of a gage member for taking up the back thrust of the saw blade, said gage member being pivoted for movement on an axis parallel to said surface, so that the surface of the gage member assumes a parallel relation to said surface of the first named member against which the saw blade is adapted to be seated.

1 1. In a saw set, the combination with a frame, and a plunger, of a rotatable member provided with a plurality of surfaces with either of which a saw blade is adapted to contact, a gage member pivoted for movement on an axis for its surface to assume a parallel relation. to either of said surfaces of the rotatable member adapted to contact with a saw blade, and means for imparting movement to said gage member for varying the distance between the rotatable member and the gage member.

15. In a saw set, the combination with a frame, and a plunger, of an anvil provided with a surface the angle of inclination of which varies to efi'ect, in conjunction with the plunger, the setting of teeth on a saw blade at different angles and depths of set, a slidable member, means for imparting sliding movement thereto, and a gage mema plurality of inclined saw 'blade surfaces and With a saw tooth surface, said inclined surfaces being at different angles of incli-, nation to said saw tooth surface, combined with retaining means positioned for cooperation With either of said finclined surfaces for holding a saw blade in a position copies or this patent may 'be obtained far et ned y t e in l na of o Of iQh surfaces, and tooth setting means in 006p? erative relation to the saw tooth surface for setting a saw tooth into contact therewith.

In testimony whereof I have signed my nanieto this specification on the presence of two subscribing Witnesses. 1

WILLIAM o. Mom-am. Witnesses:

M. C. RODRIGUEZ, H. T. BERN'HARD.

nae cents each, bydddressing the Commissioxier 1011mm. Washihgtoizyib. 0." I l 

